Trametenolic acid

Trametenolic acid
 

• CAT Number : FNK-NS230502
• CAS Number : 24160-36-9   
• Molecular Weight : 456.70
• Molecular Formula : C₃₀H₄₈O₃
• Pack size: 5 mg
• Store: -20 °C
• Purity: >99%(HPLC)

Product description
Trametenolic acid is an anti-inflammatory sterol isolated from the fungus Inonotus obliquus, also known as Chaga mushroom. It is a triterpenoid compound with various biological activities.

 Properties

• Chemical formula: C₃₀H₄₈O₃
• Molecular weight: 456.7 g/mol
• Appearance: Likely a white to off-white crystalline powder
• Classification: Triterpenoid, sterol

Applications and usage

• Anti-inflammatory research
• Anticancer studies
• H+/K+-ATPase inhibition research
• Natural product research and discovery
• Potential use in pharmaceutical development
• Cytotoxicity studies
• Thrombin inhibition research

Safety and handling

• Use appropriate personal protective equipment
• Store in a cool, dry place in tightly closed containers
• Handle with care and avoid skin contact or inhalation
• Specific safety data not provided; treat as a potentially hazardous research chemical

Involved human diseases

Diabetic Nephropathy

Trametenolic acid (TA) has shown significant protective effects against diabetic nephropathy:

• Reduced the ratio of kidney weight to body weight, indicating improved kidney health
• Lowered blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Scr) levels, suggesting better kidney function
• Decreased urine albumin levels, indicating improved protein retention by the kidneys
• Alleviated histopathological changes in the kidneys of diabetic mice
• Increased expression of nephrin and podocin proteins, which are crucial for maintaining kidney filtration barriers

Oxidative Stress and Inflammation

TA exhibits potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties:

• Increased activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)
• Enhanced levels of reductive glutathione (GSH), an important cellular antioxidant
• Decreased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of oxidative stress
• Activated the Nrf2 signaling pathway, increasing expression of antioxidant enzymes
• Inhibited the NF-κB signaling pathway, reducing expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines

Cancer

TA and related compounds from Inonotus obliquus (Chaga mushroom) have shown anti-cancer potential:

• Inhibited proliferation of various cancer cell lines, including gastric, breast, and prostate cancer cells
• Displayed cytotoxicity against human lung cancer cell line A549
• Showed anti-proliferative activity on PC3 (prostate cancer), AGS (gastric cancer), and MCF-7 (breast cancer) cell lines

Other Potential Effects

While more research is needed, TA may have additional health benefits:

• Potential neuroprotective effects against ischemia-reperfusion injury in the brain
• Possible broader applications in managing diabetes beyond nephropath

Cell Signaling Pathways Afffected

Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway

TA activates the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) signaling pathway:

• Increases expression of Nrf2, HO-1 (heme oxygenase-1), and NQO-1 (NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1) proteins
• Nrf2 activation leads to upregulation of antioxidant defense enzymes
• This pathway is crucial for defending against oxidative stress

NF-κB Signaling Pathway

TA inhibits the NF-κB (Nuclear factor kappa B) signaling pathway:

• Decreases protein expression of P-NF-κB/NF-κB
• Reduces expression of downstream proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6
• This inhibition contributes to TA's anti-inflammatory effects

PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway

TA modulates the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway:

• This modulation is associated with TA's neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury
• The pathway is also involved in TA's ability to inhibit tumor cell proliferation

MicroRNA-10a Regulation

• TA has been shown to protect against cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury through modulation of microRNA-10a, in addition to the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway